DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander 14000rpm Dwelling Do-it-yourself

Sleek Finishes Designed Effortless: The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander Overview



DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander - complete tool with dust collection box

Figure 1: The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander – professional electricity for smooth, swirl-no cost finishes.



Have you ever ever used several hours sanding a woodworking job, only to end up with swirl marks, uneven surfaces, and aching fingers? There exists a improved way. Satisfy the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander. This potent Software combines a 320W high-overall performance motor with variable speed control from 7,000 to fourteen,000 RPM. It provides you with clean, Expert-top quality finishes on Wooden, metal, plastic, and a lot more. With its random orbit motion, you will get swirl-absolutely free final results each and every time. The developed-in dust selection keeps your workspace clean up. As well as the ergonomic delicate-grip tackle cuts down fatigue through very long sanding sessions. With this entire guidebook, We'll make clear every thing you have to know with regards to the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander. You are going to learn how it really works, why it's much better than other sanders, and how it could possibly completely transform your woodworking, Do-it-yourself assignments, and home renovations.



H2: What's the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander?


The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is knowledgeable-quality electrical power Resource made for sanding wood, steel, plastic, and painted surfaces. Not like low-priced sheet sanders that vibrate aggressively and depart swirl marks, this random orbit sander works by using a novel twin-motion movement. The sanding pad spins in a very circle whilst also shifting in a small orbit. This random action helps prevent any single scratch pattern from forming, causing a sleek, swirl-cost-free end.


This DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander includes a highly effective 320W DKLT motor procedure that delivers regular energy even below major load. The variable speed dial enables you to adjust from 7,000 to fourteen,000 RPM, so you're able to match the velocity for your material. The 125mm (five-inch) hook-and-loop sanding pad accepts conventional 8-hole sanding discs obtainable at any components store. Along with the detachable dust collection box captures many of the dust ahead of it gets into your air or onto your workpiece. Regardless if you are knowledgeable carpenter, a weekend Do it yourself warrior, or even a homeowner tackling a renovation undertaking, the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is actually a Resource you'll achieve for repeatedly.



DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander - variable speed dial and dust collection box

Figure 2: The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander incorporates a variable speed dial and removable dust selection box.



H3: Why Random Orbit Motion Will make the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander Much better


Not all sanders are made equal. Here is why the random orbit action over the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander will give you far better success than other types of sanders.



  • No Swirl Marks: Classic orbital sanders generally leave circular scratches or swirl marks on your workpiece. The random orbit action on the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander moves in two directions without delay, so any scratches are random and invisible to the eye. Your complete will glimpse easy and Skilled.

  • Speedier Substance Elimination: The mixture of orbital and rotational motion gets rid of material quicker than an ordinary sheet sander. You devote a lot less time sanding plus much more time finishing your job.

  • Far better Management: Random orbit sanders are less difficult to manage than belt sanders. You are less likely to gouge your workpiece or make uneven places. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander provides you with precision even on sensitive surfaces.

  • Versatility: You should utilize the exact same sander for rough stock removal with coarse grit sandpaper and for good finishing with high-grit paper. Just modify the pace dial and alter the sanding disc.



H3: Key Attributes with the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander


Let's stop working the main options of this highly effective DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander and why they matter for United states buyers.



  • Powerful 320W Motor: The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is equipped with a complicated DKLT motor method. This motor provides constant electric power and sturdiness for weighty-responsibility sanding jobs. Regardless if you are sanding hardwood floors, stripping paint from cabinets, or smoothing tough lumber, this motor has the power you require.

  • Variable Velocity Command (seven,000-14,000 RPM): Not all elements should be sanded at precisely the same velocity. The adjustable pace dial over the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander allows you select the best speed for each work. Use lessen speeds (seven,000-nine,000 RPM) for delicate surfaces, paint removing, or fine ending. Use better speeds (ten,000-14,000 RPM) for swift product elimination on hardwood or tough surfaces.

  • Random Orbit Motion for Swirl-Free of charge Complete: Here is the heart in the Instrument. The random orbit motion brings together orbital and rotational motion to deliver an experienced, swirl-cost-free complete. You won't see those frustrating circular scratches that plague more cost-effective sanders.

  • Strong Dust Collection Program: Sanding generates a great deal of dust. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander comes with a detachable dust selection box that captures debris efficiently. The dust box attaches for the rear exhaust port. The eight-gap sanding pad structure pulls dust from the holes within your sandpaper and to the box. This keeps your workspace cleaner, improves your line of sight, and cuts down the quantity of dust you breathe.

  • Ergonomic Convenience Grip: Sanding might be tiring with your hands and arms. The comfortable-grip deal with over the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander minimizes vibration and minimizes person fatigue. You are able to sand for lengthier intervals devoid of soreness, and the improved grip provides greater Regulate over the tool.

  • Common 125mm (5-inch) Pad: The 125mm sanding pad accepts normal 5-inch hook-and-loop sanding discs with eight dust selection holes. These discs are available at any hardware shop, property center, or on the net retailer. You won't ever wrestle to locate sandpaper for that DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander.

  • CE Accredited: This sander has handed European protection standards. Whilst USA utilizes various voltage specifications, the CE certification suggests high quality construction and security capabilities.



H2: Leading Advantages of Using the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander as part of your United states of america Workshop


Why must you purchase the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander? Here's the real-entire world Rewards that USA woodworkers, DIYers, and contractors adore.



H3: Experienced-Grade Finishes on Each and every Venture


Regardless if you are making custom home furnishings, refinishing a relatives heirloom, or building presents for friends, the complete issues. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander provides clean, swirl-totally free surfaces that appear like they were being completed by an experienced. The random orbit action removes the circular scratches that plague less costly sanders. Your stained or painted tasks will glance flawless.



H3: Preserve Time with A lot quicker Materials Removal


Time is money, particularly if you're a contractor or sell your woodworking assignments. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander removes materials quicker than decrease-powered sanders. The 320W motor presents powerful, dependable electric power. The variable pace permits you to crank as much as fourteen,000 RPM for intense stock removal on tough lumber or stubborn paint. You will end Work more quickly and move on to the next undertaking.



DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander - sanding a wooden table surface

Figure 3: The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander smooths picket surfaces immediately and evenly.



H3: Cleaner Workspace with A lot less Dust


Sanding dust is messy, harmful, and annoying. The dust collection program within the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander captures the vast majority of dust in advance of it flies into the air. The removable dust box is easy to vacant and reuse. For better yet dust Management, you are able to join a vacuum hose on the exhaust port (adapter may very well be needed). A cleaner workspace suggests significantly less cleanup time and improved air quality.



H3: Comfortable to implement for Hours


Have you ever ever used a sander that vibrated a lot of your palms went numb? The smooth-grip manage over the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is intended to lower vibration. The ergonomic form matches easily as part of your hand. You may sand for prolonged intervals without having tiredness or distress. It is a big benefit for specialists who sand all day long or DIYers tackling huge jobs like refinishing a deck or sanding down cupboards.



H3: Just one Software For most Jobs


The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is amazingly multipurpose. With the appropriate sandpaper and speed options, you'll be able to cope with Nearly any sanding job.



  • Woodworking: Sand rough lumber, clean surfaces before staining, eliminate aged complete, and prepare home furnishings for portray.

  • Paint Removal: Strip old paint from doors, trim, cabinets, and windowsills.

  • Dwelling Renovation: Sand drywall joints, clean patched locations, and put together partitions for portray.

  • Steel Sanding: Remove rust, sleek welds, and prepare metallic surfaces for portray (use proper sandpaper).

  • Plastic Polishing: With great-grit sandpaper and minimal velocity, you can eliminate scratches from plastic surfaces.

  • Ground Sanding: Gentle sanding of hardwood floors concerning coats of end (for giant floors, a flooring sander is best, even so the DEKO operates for modest parts).



H3: Typical Sandpaper Suggests Lower Operating Prices


Some tool manufacturers use proprietary sanding discs that happen to be costly and difficult to find. Not the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander. It takes advantage of normal 125mm (5-inch) hook-and-loop discs with 8 dust assortment holes. You can buy these discs at any hardware retailer, household Heart, or on the web for just a handful of pounds per pack. This keeps your working expenses very low and guarantees you hardly ever run away from sandpaper.



H2: The best way to Utilize the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander for Finest Benefits


Getting the most out within your DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is a snap. Just abide by these very simple techniques and recommendations.



H3: Phase-by-Step Setup



  1. Connect Sandpaper: Select the proper grit sandpaper to your occupation. Align the eight holes about the sanding disc with the eight holes on the sander's foundation. Push the disc firmly onto the hook-and-loop pad. Make sure it really is centered and secure.

  2. Attach Dust Box: Slide the dust selection box on to the exhaust port on the rear on the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander. Push till it clicks into spot. Be certain it can be secure.

  3. Plug In and Check Electric power: This sander is rated for 220-240V AC. Within the USA, common domestic outlets are a hundred and ten-120V. You'll need a voltage converter or transformer to work with this unique product. Test the product or service listing – DEKO possible provides a United states voltage Edition. Often use the correct voltage for the location.

  4. Adjust Pace: Change the variable speed dial to the specified location. Start out low for fine ending or sensitive resources. Start out superior for aggressive inventory removal.



H3: Selecting the Appropriate Sandpaper Grit


The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander functions with any conventional 125mm hook-and-loop disc. Here is a information to deciding on the right grit on your task.



  • Coarse Grit (forty-sixty): For significant material removing, stripping paint, or sanding incredibly tough lumber. Use reduce speeds to stop gouging.

  • Medium Grit (80-one hundred twenty): For typical sanding of bare wood, smoothing surfaces prior to ending, or eliminating preceding sanding scratches. This can be the most often made use of range.

  • Wonderful Grit (one hundred fifty-220): For closing sanding prior to staining, portray, or implementing obvious coat. Eliminates fine scratches and leaves a smooth surface area.

  • Extremely Great Grit (320-400+): For sanding in between coats of finish, polishing, or ultra-clean ending on hardwoods.


Often progress by way of grits. Get started with coarse grit to get rid of substance, then go to medium grit, then good grit. Skipping grits leaves scratches that can demonstrate by way of your finish.



DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander - sanding a wooden board with dust collection working

Figure 4: The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander in action – powerful, smooth, and mud-managed.



H3: Sanding Strategy – Let the Instrument Do the Operate


Suitable approach is crucial for obtaining the best final results from the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander.



  • Don't Force Down: The most common miscalculation is applying an excessive amount of pressure. Enable the sander's pounds and orbital action do the get the job done. Pushing down slows the orbit, decreases efficiency, and can leave swirl marks.

  • Continue to keep the Sander Shifting: Usually do not let the sander sit in a single spot. Hold it moving in overlapping passes. This helps prevent uneven sanding and swirl marks.

  • Stick to the Grain: For final passes, shift the sander while in the way on the Wooden grain. This assists lessen any remaining scratches.

  • Use a Light Contact on Edges: When sanding close to edges, tilt the sander a bit to avoid rounding in excess of the edge. Use a light-weight contact and be mindful never to oversand.

  • Vacant the Dust Box Often: An entire dust box reduces suction and leaves dust on your own workpiece. Vacant the box when it really is about fifty percent comprehensive. Tap it out right into a trash can. For giant Employment, contemplate connecting a vacuum to the exhaust port.



H3: Pace Assortment Information


The variable pace dial within the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander provides Handle around the tool's aggression. Use this information.



  • seven,000-nine,000 RPM (Lower Velocity): Use for good ending (220+ grit), sanding concerning coats of finish, sharpening, and working on delicate components or skinny veneers.

  • nine,000-eleven,000 RPM (Medium Velocity): Use for common sanding with medium grits (one hundred-one hundred fifty grit) on bare Wooden, and for paint elimination on softer surfaces.

  • eleven,000-14,000 RPM (Superior Speed): Use for speedy material elimination with coarse grits (forty-eighty grit) on hardwood, stripping various layers of paint, and large inventory removal.


Begin at a lower speed than you're thinking that you would like. You could often increase speed if the sander just isn't eliminating product quick enough.



H3: Upkeep Tricks for Lengthy Lifetime


Correct servicing keeps your DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander running effortlessly For many years.



  • Vacant Dust Box Just after Every Use: Tend not to Enable dust sit in the box. It could compact and turn into challenging to eliminate. Vacant it soon after Every single sanding session.

  • Clean the Pad: The hook-and-loop pad can get clogged with dust eventually. Make use of a brush or compressed air to wash the pad often. This aids sandpaper adhere much better.

  • Inspect the Power Twine: Verify the wire for destruction prior to Each and every use. Don't utilize the sander In the event the wire is frayed or cut.

  • Retail store Appropriately: Shop the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander in a very dry place. Never leave it in which it will get wet or dusty.

  • Substitute Worn Pads: The hook-and-loop pad will sooner or later wear out. Substitute pads can be found on line. Exchange the pad when sandpaper no longer sticks securely.



H2: Technical Specs of your DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander


For individuals who like the specialized details, Here's the total spec sheet to the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander.






Specification
Depth


Brand name Identify
DEKO


Model Selection
DKOS32XL125


Rated Enter Electrical power
320W


No-Load Velocity
click here seven,000 - fourteen,000 RPM (Variable)


Rated Voltage
220-240V AC (50/60Hz) – United states of america buyers check for 110V Model


Sand Pad Measurement
125mm (5 inches)


Sanding Disc Attachment
Hook-and-Loop (Velcro) with eight dust holes


Dust Collection
Detachable dust collection box (bundled)


Body weight
1.35 KG (approx. 3 lbs)


Certification
CE



H2: Advantages and drawbacks on the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander


Each and every solution has strengths and weaknesses. Here's an sincere consider the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander.





Professionals – What We Appreciate



  • Powerful 320W motor for significant-responsibility sanding

  • Variable speed 7,000-14,000 RPM – match speed to content

  • Random orbit motion delivers swirl-cost-free complete

  • Effective dust assortment with detachable box

  • Ergonomic delicate-grip take care of cuts down exhaustion

  • Works by using standard 125mm (5-inch) sanding discs – effortless to search out

  • Perfect for woodworking, paint removal, and DIY tasks

  • Affordable rate for Experienced attributes




Drawbacks – What to be aware of



  • Voltage is 220-240V – United states of america people should check for 110V Edition or use transformer

  • Dust box fills promptly on huge Work opportunities (easy to vacant)

  • Some buyers want connecting vacuum for zero dust

  • Corded Device – requires outlet (no battery alternative)





H2: Who Can buy the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander?


The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is perfect for a lot of differing types of USA end users. Here is who will advantage quite possibly the most.



H3: Professional Woodworkers and Carpenters


If you build furniture, cupboards, or other Wooden products and solutions for just a dwelling, you need tools which can be dependable and efficient. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander supplies the ability and end good quality you must satisfy prospects. The variable velocity allows you to dial in the best environment for each career. The dust collection keeps your shop cleaner. And also the ergonomic style cuts down fatigue in the course of long sanding classes.



H3: Do-it-yourself Homeowners and Weekend Warriors


Does one enjoy home improvement jobs? Do Quote the Price you think you're refinishing that outdated dresser you uncovered at a garage sale? The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is the right tool for DIYers. It can be simple to use, even for newbies. It generates professional effects that will make your assignments glimpse terrific. And it can be inexpensive more than enough that you do not need to be a pro to justify the acquisition.



H3: Contractors and Remodelers


Do you sand drywall, prep cabinets for painting, or refinish trim? The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is a versatile Device that belongs in each and every contractor's truck. It handles drywall mud, paint elimination, and wood sanding with equivalent simplicity. The dust assortment keeps occupation sites cleaner. And also the rugged motor is built for everyday use.



H3: Hobbyists and Makers


Does one make cutting boards, indications, toys, or other crafts? The complete is exactly what separates an excellent merchandise from a great one. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander will give you that easy, Skilled complete that clients adore. The 125mm pad is great for smaller to medium assignments. And also the variable velocity allows you work delicately on smaller details.



H3: Anybody Fed up with Hand Sanding


Hand sanding is slow, tiring, and inconsistent. Should you have ever put in hours sanding a challenge by hand only being disappointed with the outcomes, it can be time for an up grade. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander does the be just right for you. Speedier. Smoother. Less hard work. You are going to question why you waited so prolonged.



H2: How Does the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander Compare to Other Sanders?


There are several varieties of sanders that you can buy. Here is how the website DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander stacks up towards prevalent alternatives.



  • VS. Sheet Sanders (Palm Sanders): Sheet sanders are cheap but vibrate aggressively and depart swirl marks. They're slower and fewer successful. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is faster, smoother, and makes a much better complete.

  • VS. Belt Sanders: Belt sanders remove material very quickly but are intense and can easily gouge your workpiece. They're for major stock elimination, not finishing. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is more multipurpose – it does tough sanding and great ending.

  • VS. Depth Sanders: Detail sanders are for little, limited spaces. They don't seem to be very good for giant flat surfaces. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is for much larger parts. Lots of woodworkers individual both of those.

  • VS. No Sander in the slightest degree: Hand sanding is sluggish, tiring, and gives inconsistent effects. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is a large enhance that can preserve you several hours of work and generate superior outcomes.



H2: Frequently Questioned Questions on the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander



H3: Does the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander work with USA 110V outlets?


The specification reveals 220-240V AC. This unique model is suitable for 220-240V countries. For United states buyers (one hundred ten-120V standard), you've two possibilities. Very first, Look at if the vendor provides a United states of america voltage Edition – many manufacturers do. 2nd, You should utilize a move-up voltage converter or transformer to transform 110V to 220V. Constantly validate the voltage right before paying for. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is a wonderful Device, but you'll need the right voltage on your location.



H3: What measurement sandpaper does the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander use?


The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander uses conventional 125mm (five-inch) hook-and-loop sanding discs with eight dust collection holes. These discs are greatly readily available at components merchants, household centers, and on-line. You can find them in any grit from 40 to one thousand+. This can be a important advantage – you won't ever battle to search out sandpaper.



H3: Can the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander remove paint?


Certainly. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is superb for paint removal. Use coarse grit sandpaper (40-sixty grit) and an increased pace placing (11,000-fourteen,000 RPM). The random orbit action will strip paint promptly without harmful the fundamental Wooden. For a number of levels of paint, you might require to undergo several sandpaper discs. Always have on a dust mask – aged paint can contain lead or other dangerous substances.



H3: Will be the dust selection about the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander powerful?


Of course, the dust selection technique performs effectively for most Work. The eight-gap pad design pulls dust in the sandpaper holes and in the removable dust box. For little to medium Work opportunities, the dust box captures many dust. For large Careers or when you need zero dust, you could connect a vacuum hose on the exhaust port (you may need an adapter). This will capture Virtually one hundred% with the dust.



H3: How do I alter the sandpaper around the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander?


Shifting sandpaper around the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is simple. The pad utilizes a hook-and-loop (Velcro) system. Merely peel from the outdated disc. Align the eight holes of the new disc Together with the eight holes within the pad. Push firmly to safe. That's it. No instruments needed. Make sure the disc is centered along with the holes align for correct dust assortment.



H3: Am i able to utilize the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander on metallic or plastic?


Yes. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander can be used on metal and plastic with the appropriate sandpaper. For metal, use sandpaper made for metal (typically aluminum oxide or ceramic). For plastic, use high-quality grit sandpaper and reduced velocity in order to avoid melting the plastic. The random orbit motion will work effectively on equally resources. Generally check with a scrap piece initial.



H3: May be the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander excellent for novices?


Totally. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is The most novice-friendly electric power tools You should buy. It is a snap to control. It doesn't gouge like a belt sander. It doesn't vibrate similar to a sheet sander. Just connect sandpaper, plug it in, and go. The random orbit action is forgiving – even when your strategy will not be excellent, you can nevertheless get excellent benefits. It really is an ideal 1st sander for your new woodworker.



H2: Why the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander Will save You Income


At $61.sixty four, the Quote the Price DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is a fantastic price. But How can it conserve you cash as time passes? To start with, it works by using common 125mm sanding discs, which are reasonably priced and broadly readily available. You aren't locked into high priced proprietary discs. Second, it helps you prevent expensive faults. A weak sanding occupation can spoil high priced wood or need you to start out above. The DEKO's swirl-free of charge complete and Handle stop waste. Third, For anyone who is a specialist, enough time savings alone can pay to the tool over and over above. Sanding more quickly means you end far more Positions and earn more money.



H2: Remaining Verdict – In the event you Buy the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander?


If you are doing any kind of woodworking, DIY assignments, or house renovation, the answer is Of course. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander is one of the better values in ability applications now. It offers you a powerful 320W motor, variable velocity from 7,000 to fourteen,000 RPM, random orbit action for swirl-free finishes, successful dust selection, and an ergonomic grip that minimizes fatigue. It makes use of normal sandpaper that is easy to seek out and inexpensive. And it is actually priced affordably for each gurus and hobbyists.


Prevent combating hand sanding or affordable sanders that go away swirl marks. Get the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander and revel in smooth, Skilled finishes on each and every undertaking.



H2: What is in the Box?


When you purchase the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander, you are going to obtain.



  • 1 x DEKO DKOS32XL125 320W Random Orbit Sander

  • 1 x Detachable Dust Assortment Box

  • 1 x Consumer Handbook & Basic safety Documentation


Notice: Sandpaper discs could be included dependant upon the specific bundle you choose. Test the product listing for facts. The sander demands a power cord (attached) and regular 125mm hook-and-loop sanding discs. For United states end users, confirm you're obtaining the 110V Variation or Have a very voltage converter for that 220-240V Model.





Your browser isn't going to support the movie tag.





Buy the DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander Now

Only $sixty one.64. Get highly effective 320W motor, variable speed 7,000-14,000 RPM, and swirl-free finishes. Buy right now.






Disclaimer: This details is for informational purposes only. Product requirements, rates, and availability are matter to change without notice. Normally wear protection goggles and also a dust mask when sanding. This sander is rated for 320W random orbital polisher 220-240V. USA consumers should really affirm They may be paying for a 110V Model or use an ideal voltage converter. The DEKO 320W Random Orbit Sander really should be employed as directed in the consumer guide. Vacant the dust box frequently to lessen fireplace danger.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *